Integral shell type transformer



June 19, 1962 K. P. WIEDERKEHR 3040280 INTEGRAL. SHELL TYPE TRANSFORMER Filed OGL 22, 1958 2 SheetS-She9t. 1

June 19, 1962 K. P. WIEDERKEHR INTEGRAL SHELL TYPE TRANSFORMER 2 Sheecs-Sheet 2 Filed Ost. 22, 1958 United States Patent O 3,040280 INTEGRAL SHELL TYPE TRANSFORMER Karl P. Wiederkehr, Elm Grove, Wis., assignor t Allis- Chalmers Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis. Filed Oct. 22, 1958, Sei. N0. 768,999 9 Claims. (C1. 33692) partly combined with the transforrner tank structure. In

a single phase integral shell type transformer the coil Stack is circumscribed by a rectangular magnetic yoke that connects the ends of the tongue that is stacked in the -wi'ridow of the coil. The yoke is clamped between flanges mounted on two opposite sections of the tank and the coil stack is clamped between jacking plates at either end of each tank. The jacking plates can be tightened against the coil stacks with both tank sections in place by means of jacking bolts that pass through the ends of the tank. In a three phase integral transformer the three coil stacks representing the three phases are aligned coaxially in the tank and the core includes an outer yoke section that circumscribes all the coil stacks and two Center yoke elements stacked at seither end of the .center phase. In one of the known prior art three phase integral shell type transformers the two tank sections are each divided into compartments for the three coil stacks by means of fixed cross members that support the two center yokes. The cross rnembers also anchor part of the coil jacking assemblies that are used in clamping each of the coil stacks individually. To assemble the transformer, one tank section is positioned so that the yoke can be stacked flat 011 the yoke supporting flanges, and the lower segment of each coil stack is clamped in position in this section of the tank. Since the clamps for the upper segments of the coil stacks are combined with the other tank section, temporary jacks and clamps are used to clamp the upper segments of the coil stacks while the core is being stacked. A troublesome problem in constructing such a transformer is that it is necessary to cut holes in the tank -to provide accessfor tightening the coil jacking assemblies between phases.

The polyphase transformer of this invention has a pair of floating support assemblies positioned between adjacent coil stacks for supporting the center yoke and the coil stacks. The assemblies are movable parallel to the axis of the coils and the three coil stacks can be clamped by means of conventional coil jacking assemblies at the ends of the tank without cutting holes in the tank Wall.

Therefore, it is an object of this invention to provide a new and improved transformer.

Another object of this invention is to provide a nevv and improved transformer having a novel core and coil clarnping assernbly.

Another object of this invention is to provide a new and improved transformer that is simpler to build.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent when the following description is read in connection with the following drawings in Which:

FIG. 1 is a side view ;iartially in section of the horizontal yoke transformer having the core and coil support of this invention;

FIG. 2 is an end view partially in section of the transformer of FIG. l;

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the coil and core support of FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 4 is an end view of a vertical yoke transformer having the coil and core support of this invention;

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the transformer of FIG. 4; and

FIG. 6 is an isometric view of one of the support assernblies shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

The three phase horizontal yoke transformer of FIGS. 1 and 2 c0mprises a tank 10 having an upper section 12 and a lower section 14, three coil stacks 16, 17 and 18, and a laminated core. The core includes a tongue 20 that -is stacked in the windows 22 of the coil stacks, an outer yoke section 23 that circumscribes the three coil stacks, and two center yokes 28. The yoke is partly cruciform in cross section and is supplemented by a filler 29 of wood or other suitable material. The outer yoke section 23 is stacked on a flange 30 mounted on the lower section 14 of the tank. The flange is suitably reinforced as by ribs 31 along the sides 32 of the tank and by an angle mernber 34 at each end 35 of the tank. Part of the coil clamping structure associated With the lower sec-tion 14 of the tank includes a coil jacking platte 39 and a number of bolts 40 mounted in stiffeners 41 at each end 35 of the tank. The bolts 40 fit into sockets 42 on the coil jacking plate 39 to tighten the coil jacking plate against one of the outside coil stacks 16 or 18 Bach of the three coil stacks 16, 17 and 18 is made up 0 invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, the novel coil and center yoke support includes an upper assernbly 49 and a lower assembly 50 that are positioned on opposite sides of the center yoke 28 between two adjacent coil stacks 16, 17 and 17, 18. The lower assembly 50 comprises two parallel coil Support plates 52, 52a and a center yoke support plate 53. The coil support plates 52, 52a and the center yoke support plate 53 are rigidly connected by suitable means such as ribs 54 and a floor plate 55. Although the assembly is illustrated as a channel, the plates 52, 52a and 53 may be flat individual sections welded together. The coil support plates 52, 52a may have a somewhat trapezoidal shape so as to conforrn to the shape of the segments of the coil stacks. Bach lower assembly 50 is mounted in the lower section 14 of the tank in any suitable way that permits the coil support plates 52, 52a to be adjusted in a 1ine parallel to the axis cf the coil stacks and maintains the center yoke support plate 53 at the proper level With respect to the outer yoke supporting flanges 30 to permit stacking the core. As illustrated, adjustable bolts 57 each having a lock nut 58 are attached to the floor plate and support the clamp lower section 50 on the floor Wall 59 of the tank.

Bach upper assembly 49 of the coil and center yoke support comprises two parallel support plates 61, 61a and a center yoke support plate 62 that are cornbined With sui-table means such as ribs 63 in a rigid structure generally similar to the lower assembly 50 just described. In addition each upper assembly 49 includes a locking plate 65 connected to each end of the assembly.

T0 assemble the core and the coil stacks, the two lower clamp assemblies 50 -are placed in a lower section 14 of the tank and the adjusting bolts 57 are adjusted to position the yoke support plate 53 at the proper level. Preerably the center yoke support plate 53 is flush with the outer yoke supporting flange 30. However, the adjustment of the core stacking level can be made partly by the spaoers 67 that are positioned between the supporting surfaces 30 and 53 and the first layer of the laminations of the yoke. The three coil stacks 16, 17 and 18 are placed in the tank lowver section 14 and the lower segrnent of each coil stack is clarnped by tightening the jacking bolts 40 against the coil jacking plates 39 at ei-ther end cf the tank. The two upper support assernblies 49 are placed in approximately the final position and combine with any suitable temporary means to clamp the upper segments of the coil stacks. 'I'he core is then constructed by stacking laminations in the coil Windows 22 and on the supporting su.rfaces 30 and 53.

The upper se=ction 12 of the tank is provided With a flange 30a and With coil jacking plates 39 and coil jacking bolts 40 and is generally sirnilar to the lower section 14 of the tank. In addition the tank upper section 12 is provided wit h means 68 f0r engaging the locking plate 65 of the upper assembly 49. As illustrated, the means 68 comprises an L-shaped bar attached t0 the side 32a 0f the tank upper section and reinforced by a rib 69. When the tank upper section 112 is positioned on the transformer, the locking plate 65 of the clamp upper section interloeks with the L-shaped bar 68 0f the upper tank section. The L-shaped bar 68 is positioned an the tank Wall to hold the center yoke support plate 62 of the upper support assembly 49 at the proper level with respect to the yoke supporting flanges 30a of the upper section of the tank. Thus the center yoke support plate 62 and the outer yoke supporting flanges 30a can be positioned to provide the desired the desired clamping force on the larninations by adjusting the tank upper section vertically. The two tank sections 12, 14 are secured in any suitable way such as by a closure plate 70 that is welded to the flanges 30 and 30a.

Although the means f0r n1ounting the upper assembly 49 in the upper tank section 12 and for mounting the lower assembly 50 in the lower tank section 14 may, ifsdesired, be modified, the construction shown is particularly advantageous. The lower assembly 50 is supported through the tank floor wall 59 by the heavily reinforced tank base 71, and the upper assembly 49 is connected to the upper tank seccion 12 near the strongly braced outer y0ke supporting flanges 30a. Furthermore, the upper assembly does not obstruct the space in the upper part of the tank that is used for electrical connections to the coil stacks.

In FIGS. 4 and the center yoke and coil support of this invention is shown in connection With a vertical yoke transformer. The vertical yoke transformer is in many ways s irnilar to the transforrner of FIGS. 1 and 2 and equivalent components are indicated by the same num bers The tank extends above the uppermost leg 72 of the outer yoke section 23 0f the core in order to provide space in the tank for electrical oonnections to the coil stacks 16, 17, 18. The -ewo sections 73, 73a of the tank have opposing flanges 74, 74a for clamping part of the unter yoke. The upper leg 72 of the unter section 23 of the yoke is clamped between two end plates 76 that cooperate with the core and coil clamp of this invention.

The four clamping assemblies 77 have equivalent positions in the transformer and each of the assemblies is similar. As shown in FIG. 6, each clamping assembly 77 eomprises two coil support plates 81, 81a and a center yoke support plate 82. The coil support plates 81, 81a and the center yoke support plate 82 are combined with suitable means such as a side plate 84 to form a rigid structure. The lower end 85 of the assembly 77 res-ts on thefloor Wall 87 of the tank. The upper end of each assembly 77 is cut awaytoreceive the end plate 76 0f the leg 72, and a yoke end plate base 89 is connected between 'the two coil supporting plates 81, 81a. A holding down plate 91 is mounted 0x1 the assembly 77 in any accessible location near the tank side wall 93. A holding down holt 94 is positioned on the tank wall 93 by means cf a bracket 95. Adjusting bolts 96 are connected to the 4 side plate 84 or to any other suitable part of the assembly 77.

The vertical yoke transformer is assembled on its side and one of the tank sections 73, 73a acts as an assembly base. Two of the clamp assemblies 77 are placed in the lower assembled tank section 73 or 73a and the assemblies are adjusted by means of the bolts 96 until the center yoke support surfaces -8-2 are at the pnoper level with respect to the flange 74 or 74a for stacking the eore. The lower assernbled segments cf the three coil stacks 16, 17 and 18 are clamped in position in the lower assembled tank section by rneans of a clamping assembly at either end 0f the tank As illustrated, the clamping assembly comprises a coil jacking plate 39 and jacking bolts 40 and is generally similar to the coil jacking assembly of -the transformer in FIGS. l and 2. The two upper assernbled clamp assemblies 77 and the two leg yoke end plates 76 are clamped in position by any suitable temporary means. When the core has been stacked, each opposing pair of clan1p assemblies 77 is co-rmected by an insulated holt 97 that passeS through the yoke endplate base 89 of each assembly and :through the two yoke end plates 76. Additional insulated bolts 98 ;onnecting the two yoke end plates 76 are spaced along the-upper leg 72 of the outer yoke secti0n. The adjusting bolts 96 f the upper clarnp assemblies 77 are adjusted so that the flarige,

74 0f the upper assembled section of the tank and the yoke end plates 76 of the upper clamp -assernblies will be held in alignment when the tank upper assemblied section is placed in p0sition. When the upper section of the tank has been placed in a position but before the clo su-re plate 70 is welded in position, the holding down bolts 94 of the upper assernbled section are tightened against the holding down plate 91. When the transformer is in the upright position, the Opposed pairs of assemblies 77 cooperate With the side Walls 93 of the tank to securely clamp the laminations cf each center yoke.

Although the invention has been illustrated in connection with a specific transformer design, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variations can be made within the scope of the appended claims.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and the manner in which it is to be perf0rmed, I declare that what I clairn is:

1. In a polyphase transformer having opposing tank sections clamping a part of the transformer oore therebetween and encasing segments of coaxially aligned coil stacks, a support for two adjacent coil stacks and the intervening center yoke, said support comprising a pair of assemblies positidnable in said tank sections to support said center yoke 0n opposite sides, each of said assemblies comprising a pair of coil support plates rigidly spaced apart a predetermined distance, and a Center yoke support plate connected to said coil support plates, and means located at the ends of said tank sections for axially clamp- 1'ng together said segrnents and said assemblies.

2. In combination with a polyphase transformer having opposing tank sections clamping a portion of a transformer core therebetween and encasing segments of two adjacent coaxial coil stacks a support for said coil stacks and the intervening center yoke 0f said core, said support comprising a pair of assernblies, each of said assernblies comprising a pair of rigidly spaced apart parallelcoil support plates, each said pair of coil support plates being positioned With its broad surfaces parallel with and between adjacent coil stack segrnents and movable in a line parallel to the axis of said stacks, a Center yoke support plate positioned in said one section 011 one side of the intervening Center yoke in a plane that is fixed With respect to said one tank section, and coil clamping means urging said assernblies against said coil stack segrnents for axially clamping said adjacent Segments in one of said tank sections.

3. In combinati0n with a polyphasci ti*ansformer a coil and center"yoke support comprising a pair of assemblies p positioned in opposing sections of a transformer tank on opposite sides of a center yoke, each of said assemblies cornprising a pair of parallel coil support plates rigidly spaced apart a predeterrnined distance and positioned With its broad surfaces parallel with and between segments cf adjacent coil stacks of said transforrner, a center yoke support plate mounted between said coil support plate, means f0r maintaining said assernblies in a slidable coil and center yoke supporting position in said sections, and coil clarnping rneans urging said assernblies against said segments of adjacent coil stacks.

4. In cornbination with a polyphase shell type transforrner having opposing flanged tank sections clamping a portion of a transformer core therebetween, a coil and center yoke support comprising a pair of assernblies positioned in said tank sections to divide said sections into compartments for receiving segments of coil stacks of said transforrner, each of said assernolies comprising a pair of parallel coil support plates rigidly spaced apart a predeterrnined dlstance, a center yoke support plate connected to said coil support plates in supporting contact with said Center yoke, rneans connected to said assernblies and cooperating Witl1 the walls of said transforrner tank sections for rnaintaining said assernblies in a slidable coil and center yoke supporting position, and coil clamping rneans for urging said assemblies against said segments of coil stacks.

5. In cornbination With a polyphase shell type transformer having opposing upper assembled and lower assernbled flanged tank sections clamping a portion of a horizontally stacked transformer core therebetween, a coil and center yoke support comprising a pair of assernblies positioned in said tank sections to divide said sections into compartrnents for receiving segrnents of coil stacks of said transformer; each of said assemblies cornprising a pair of parallel coil support plates rigidly spaced apart a predeterrnined distance, and a center yoke support plate; bolts connected to one of said assernblies and engageable with a Wall of the transformer tank for adjustably supporting said one assembly in said lower assembled tank section in a core supporting position with respect to the flanges on said lower assernbled section, means connected t0 the other of said assemblies for rnaintaining said other assembly in a slidable coil and Center yoke position in said upper assembled section, and coil clamping meaas urging said assemblies against said segments of coil stacks for axially clarnping the adjacent segrnents in one of said tank sections.

6. In combination with a polyphase transforrner having opposing upper and lower tank sections clamping the rectangular outer yoke portions of a transformer core therebetween and encasimg segments of coaxially aligned coil stacks between the ends cf said tank sections, a coil and center yoke support comprising upper and lower assemblies, each of said assemblies comprising a pair of coil support plates rigidly spaced apart the desired distance between said adjacent coil stacks, and a center yoke support plate connected to said coil support plates, adjusting bolts connected to said lower assernbly for slidably mounting said lower assembly on the floor Wall of said lower tank section at a level corresponding to the level 0 f the yoke supporting flanges cf said lower section, said upper assembly being positionable on the upper side'of said center yoke between the upper segrnents of said stacks, means connectable to said upper tank section for engaging said upper assernbly and maintaining said upper assembly in a yoke supporting plane with respect t0 the yoke supporting flanges of said upper section, and coil supporting means located at the ends of said tank sections for axially clarnping together said segments and said as sernblies.

7. In combination With a polyphase transforrner having opposing tank sections clarnping a portion cf a vertically disposed outer yoke cf a transforrner core therebetween and encasing segments cf coaxially aligned coil stacks clamped between the ends of said sections, a coil and center yoke support comprising a pair of assernblies, each of said assemblies cornprising a pair of coil support plates rigidly spaced apart the desired distance between said adjacent coil stacks, a center yoke support plate mounted between said coil support plates, rneans connected to said assembly and engageable with the side Walls of one of said tank sections for clarnping said center yoke between opposite Walls of the transforrner, and coil clarnping rneans located at the top and bottom of said tank Sections urging said assernblies against said coil segments for axially clarnping together said segrnents and said assernblies.

8. In cornbination with a poly-phase transformer having opposing .tank sec-tions clam-ping a portion of a vertically disposed outer yoke 0 f a transformer core therebetween and encasing seg-ments 0f coaxially aligned coil stacks clamped between the ende 0f said sections, a coil and center yol e support comprising a pair of yoke end plates positioned on opposite sides of the upper leg 0f said outer yoke; a pair of assemblies positioned on the floor Walls of said tank sections between said segrnents of adjacent coil stacks for spacing apart said stacks, each of said assemblies cornprising a palr of rigidly spaced apart parallel coil support plates, a center yoke support platt: connected to said coil support plates, adjusting bolts cenneoted to said assemb-ly for rnaintaining a selected clamping force between said center yoke and a wall of the transformer tank opposite said yoke, rneans connected t0 said assemb'lies for clarnping said end plates to said upper yoke leg, and coil clamping means located at the top and bottom of said tank sections for axially clamping together said coil segrnents and said assemblies.

9. In combination With a poly-phase transformer, a coil and center yoke -support comprising a pair of assemblies positioned in opp=osing sections 015 a transformer tank 011 opposite sides of a center yoke, each of said assernblies comprising a pair 0 f parallel coil support plates rigidly spaced apart a predeterrnined distance and posi' tioned With their broad surfaces parallel with and between segments of adjacent coil stacks of said transformer, a center yoke support plate mounted between said coil support plates in supporting contact with said center yoke, rneans engaging said assemblies and said tank for rnaintaining said assemblies in a slidable coil and center yoke supporting position in said sections, and coil damping means mging said assernblies against said segments of adjacent coils for axially clamping said coils and said assemblies.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2429604 Boucher et a1. Oct. 28, 1 947 2466448 Lentz Apr. 5, 1949 29 10663 Wilk Oct. 27, 1959 

